Pfizer and BioNTech’s two-dose Covid vaccine provided very little protection for children 5- to 11-years-old during the wave of omicron infection in New York, according to a study published Monday.
The New York State Department of Health found that the effectiveness of Pfizer’s vaccine against Covid infection plummeted from 68% to 12% for children ages 5 to 11 as the omicron variant surged from Dec. 13 through Jan 24. Protection against hospitalization in this age group dropped from 100% to 48% during the same period.
The study has not yet undergone peer review, the academic gold standard. Scientists have been publishing the results of their studies before review due to the urgency of the pandemic.
The team of public health officials who conducted the study said the dramatic drop in vaccine effectiveness among children 5 to 11 years old was likely due to the lower dosage they receive. Kids in this age group receive two 10 microgram shots, while children ages 12 to 17 receive 30 microgram shots.
The researchers compared 11- and 12-year-olds, who receive different dosage levels but have similar physiology given that they’re nearly the same age. The effectiveness of the vaccine against infection for 11-year-olds dropped to 11%, while the two higher dose shots gave 12-year-olds 67% protection during the week ending Jan. 30.
“Given rapid loss of protection against infections, these results highlight the continued importance of layered protections, including mask wearing, for children to prevent infection and transmission,” the public health officials wrote in the study.
For children ages 12- to 17-years-old, vaccine effectiveness against infection dropped from 66% to 51% from December through the end of January. Protection against hospitalization dropped from 85% to 73% for teenagers during the same period.
The data comes as New York City plans to end its school mask mandate by March 7, and California is planning to lift its mask mandate for schools after March 11. State governments are easing mandates and restrictions as Covid infections decline dramatically after omicron swept the nation in December and January
Covid infections are down 91% from a pandemic high in January. The U.S. reported a daily average of nearly 66,000 new infections on Sunday, compared to the more than 802,000 on Jan. 15, according to a CNBC analysis of data from Johns Hopkins University.
The U.S. suffered a spike in hospitalizations of children with Covid during the omicron wave. The Food and Drug Administration sought to fast-track Pfizer’s vaccine for kids aged six months through 4-years-old this month in response to the number of children hospitalized with Covid. However, the FDA and Pfizer decided to put those plans on hold after data on the first two doses did not meet expectations. The FDA is now waiting to see clinical trial data on a third dose for the youngest kids, which is expected in April.